Effects of various combinations and numbers of lead : Glen C. Sanderson and James C. Irwin. iron pellets dosed in wild-type captive mallards /
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TextPublication details: Urbana, IL : 1976. Illinois Natural History Survey,Description: iii, 67 (77) : ill. ; 28 cmOnline resources: Abstract: There is much still to be learned about the effects of ingested lead:iron shot in waterfowl, especially regarding the mechanisms that produce the results we observed. nevertheless, on the basis of the data presented in the present report, I conclude that five No. 4 shot composed of no more than 40 percent lead and the corresponding percentage of iron (60 percent iron minus the percentage of trace elements) is relatively nontoxic for captive game-farm mallards on a diet of corn. Although the data indicate that shot of 42 percent lead would meet the guidelines proposed by the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service for mortality and weight loss, I favor a slightly conservative position.In addition, the data are not precise enough to provide an accurate estimate of the effects of a 1 percent change in the amount of lead in the shot. There is, however, a sharp break in our observed data in the toxicity of five No. 4 pellets between 41 and 45 percent lead.
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Includes bibliographical references (65-67).
There is much still to be learned about the effects of ingested lead:iron shot in waterfowl, especially regarding the mechanisms that produce the results we observed. nevertheless, on the basis of the data presented in the present report, I conclude that five No. 4 shot composed of no more than 40 percent lead and the corresponding percentage of iron (60 percent iron minus the percentage of trace elements) is relatively nontoxic for captive game-farm mallards on a diet of corn. Although the data indicate that shot of 42 percent lead would meet the guidelines proposed by the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service for mortality and weight loss, I favor a slightly conservative position.In addition, the data are not precise enough to provide an accurate estimate of the effects of a 1 percent change in the amount of lead in the shot. There is, however, a sharp break in our observed data in the toxicity of five No. 4 pellets between 41 and 45 percent lead.